The short answer is Yes. Yes, you should you should go to the doctor if you suspect your toe is broken.
When you drop a weight on your toe or stub it, it’s difficult to say what comes first, the swearing or the pain. And if it is indeed broken, it's hard to believe how much a small bone can wreak such havoc. However, on the brighter side, most toe fractures require simple treatments such as buddy splinting and probably a wider stable shoe. Some toe fractures, though, may require surgery to allow them to heal in the correct alignment. This is the main reason why you may need to have your toe sprain or fracture evaluated.